ИСТИНА

The priority pollutants released into the environment during the fabrication process of complex fertilizers are nitrogen and sulfur oxides. The transboundary transport of these pollutants with air masses over long distances from chemical plants leads to wet deposition called «acid rain». The impact pollution by other elements, in particular, heavy metals: cadmium, lead, zinc, stable strontium and fluorine, is caused by their availability as the ballast elements in phosphate raw material. The assessment of the impact on ecosystems of mining and processing of potassium and magnesium salts situated in Verkhnekamskoye deposit, Perm Urals, Russia requires special attention. After long-term growth since the early 2000-s, a negative trend of the production of mineral fertilizers in Russia took place in 2015, but the output increased 3 % since 2014 and amounted about 19.0 million t active ingredient. The factory in Oksko-Moskovsky industry klaster has been working since 1930. Nowadays it belongs to one of the largest companies in the country with 10% share of Russian production of phosphate fertilizers market. Phosphogipsum is stored on the stack since 1976 to present. Samples from 41 trial sites were selected from the top (0-10 cm) layer of soil in 5 directions at a distance of 6.5 km from the factory in July 2011. Samples were analyzed according to accredited procedures in OJSC "CSEM "Moskovsky". The data analysis showed soil acidification does not occure in the impact zone. The pHH2O (soil:water=1:2,5) varies from 5.4 for agro-podzolic soil to 7.3 alluvial soil (Soil classification of Russia, 2004). The average pHH2O value is 6.5. The total sulfur is 220 mg/kg for the alluvial and 390 mg/kg for the podzolic soil. The maximum of total and available for plant sulfur and water-soluble fluorine is 480, 98 and 15 mg/kg, respectivetly. The maximum is reached near the phosphogypsum waste. The identified excess of threshold limit values (GN 2.1.7.2511-09) are 4.0 mg/kg for cadmium and 99 mg/kg is for lead. The average and maximum of total stable strontium are 49 and 74 mg/kg for alluvial and 75 and 212 mg/kg for podzolic, respectively. This level is within the acceptable limits. The total sulphur, fluorine, cadmium, lead and stable strontium in the upper layers of soil surface near OJSC «Voskresensk Mineral Fertilizers» are above background, but the excesses of thresholds are rare and confined to the local area where the phosphogypsum waste is. These results are recommended to determine the locations for future construction,to clarify the boundaries of sanitary protection areas and to conduct ecological soil monitoring in the areas of impact of the chemical industry. The authors are grateful to the general director OJSC "CSEM "Moskovsky", Kurganova E., Ph.D.