ИСТИНА

Hydrological studies at the Institute of Geography began in the 1930th and had a mostly hydrographic character. The geography-hydrological school developed in the 1950-1980 under the leadership of M.I. Lvovich, when anthropogenic hydrology became one of its main lines of research. Experimental observations were organized near Moscow, in the Trans-Volga region, in the Kursk region. The data obtained made it possible to assess the impact of agricultural technology on river runoff, as well as on the material water composition and erosion. A sixcomponent system of water balance equations was developed on the basis of which a balance assessment of water resources of the world, the USSR, a number of regions and river basins was carried out. One of the important achievements was the development of a preventive concept for the control of water pollution. In subsequent years, work was carried out in the following areas: further differentiation of the water balance; assessment of the hydrological role of separate landscapes in the face of climate and economic activity changes; water balance and runoff modeling; revealing the correlation between climate and anthropogenic factors in hydrological changes; assessment of the hydro-ecological state of rivers and water bodies; extreme hydrological situations, including those caused by dams destruction; paleohydrological studies; the role of Russia in the world water economy taking into account the efficiency of water use; scenarios for the future state of water resources; consequences of natural water changes; recommendations for improving the state of water bodies. The results of the investigations are published in a number of monographs and articles.