ИСТИНА

The co-isotopic relationship of wedge ice is close to the Global Meteoric Water Line pointing to no significant isotopic changes during ice-wedge formation and, therefore, to a good suitability for paleoclimate studies. Our ice wedge isotopic composition data show a clear long-term warming trend over the past two millennia detectable in single ice wedge profiles as well as in a stacked record. This trend culminates in an unprecedented rise over the last decades reflecting the ongoing Arctic warming and reaching the absolutely highest δ18O values found in Late Quaternary ice wedges in the study region. These findings are related to the increases in winter insolation as well as in greenhouse gas forcing over the past two millennia.