ИСТИНА

Rapid increase in population size and density significantly affects natural, cultural, and historical urban environment and requires comprehensive study, including development of urban management mechanisms. Landscape planning and environmental safety are an important part of complex management of urban development, focused on minimization of environmental risks and promotion of ecological safety, comfort, health, preservation of cultural, and historical and spiritual heritage. It is based on effective territorial organization of urban space, optimization, and innovative "green technologies". It provides for environmental safety (evaluation of physical, chemical, biological, and aesthetic environmental, assessment and forecast of environmental risks), optimization of structure and functions of urban space (landscape and environmental planning in urban areas associated with functional changes, protection of natural and cultural heritage, development of ecological framework, design of new types of settlements), and use of "green technologies" in planning and development of functional urban areas at all scales (sustainable design, back to nature, low impact). We are currently developing a multi-scale geoinformation system (models for identification of interaction between nature, economy, and human components) based on a comprehensive multi-disciplinary (eco-geographical, environmental health, landscape planning, cultural, historical and aesthetic) study. The large-scale level (1:50 000-1:10000) is used for regional districts, individual settlements, and industrial zones. The local level (1:10000-1:2000) accommodates landscape-architectural study and design for various urban functional areas. The micro territorial level (1:2000 and larger) provides for new development projects and design of settlement centers, neighborhoods, industrial sites, parks, and rural settlements. The studies were conducted with the support of Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 15-05-01788 А)