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The large scale production of hydrogen from gas mixtures. A Use for Ultra Thin Palladium Alloy Membranesстатья
Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 11 апреля 2019 г.
- Авторы: Mordkovich V.Z., Baichtock Y.K., Sosna M.H.
- Журнал: Platinum Metals Review
- Том: 36
- Номер: 2
- Год издания: 1992
- Издательство: Johnson Matthey PLC
- Местоположение издательства: United Kingdom
- Первая страница: 90
- Последняя страница: 97
- Аннотация: It should be noted that the economic level of membrane technology already achieved has allowed the development of installations capable of producing up to 5000 Nm3/h of hydrogen. Alternate techniques, principally pressure swing adsorption, are preferable for larger outputs due to the fact that specific investments in palladium alloy membrane installations depend to some extent on the installation size, whereas for many of the alternative types of installations an increase in size generally results in economies of scale.Forecast of Future Developments and Possible Applications For the future it is reasonable to assume, as proposed by V. A. Goltsov (6), that further improvements in membrane technology will perhaps result from the development of new permeable gold-free and silver-free palladium alloys.As stated in the previous sections, the main purpose will be to reduce specific investment requirements and hence, among other factors, the membrane thickness. Although further progress in this direction is possible by improvements in the methods described above, the most significant improvements could be related to the development of new multilayer membranes. Such membranes, consisting of at least two layers, for example an ultra-thin palladium alloy layer combined with a microporous nickel layer, would make the competitive position of membrane units unassailable, even if a reduction to an acceptable membrane thickness of 0.02 mm could be achieved, see Figure 2. Multilayer membrane development demands investigations into both the connection of ultra-thin foils and into problems of film coatings. Interaction between the various layers at the operating temperatures of the membranes will probably prove to be the most important problem to be overcome.The employment of existing foil and tube membranes should increase with the growing market for hydrogen generators in order to supply users in the fields of metallurgy, organic synthesis, electronics industry, etc., with pure hydrogen when they are located near to nitrogen or petrochemical plants. Furthermore, certain specialised plants, such as those manufacturing particular organic amines and production catalysts, could improve their product quality by changing their existing gas feed stock from a nitrogen hydrogen mixture, containing 90 per cent hydrogen, to moderately priced pure hydrogen obtained from modern membrane installations. New membranes with ultra-thin noble metal layers could be used for new applications, such as in ammonia synthesis gas production, coal gasification and ferrous metallurgy.
- Добавил в систему: Мордкович Владимир Зальманович