ИСТИНА

We perform population synthesis of near-by (up to a few kpc) young (less than a few Myrs) neutron stars. We consider objects observable in soft X-rays due to their thermal surface emission. Observations demonstrate than about a dozen of young cooling neutron stars are observed int he solar vicinity. They represent two populations: radio pulsars and so-called "Magnificent Seven". We study how properties of these sources can be reproduced in different models of cooling (including different EoS of neutron stars) and field evolution. We demonstrate that despite the Log N - Log S distribution can be reproduced in different models, it is not easy to reproduce the P-Pdot distribution without fine tuning of the initial magnetic field distribution or selection effects.